Electric-arc lamp.



J. H. HALLBERG. ELECTRIC `ARG LAMP.

APPLIUATION FILED JUNE 23, 190B.

994,836, Patented June 13, 1911.

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J. H. HALLBERG.

ELECTRIC ARG LAMP.

APPLICATION FILED JUNI: 23, 190s.

994,836. Patented June 13, 1911.

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Panted June 13,191.1.

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J.H. HALLBERG.

ELECTRIC ARC LAMP;I A APPLICATION FILED JUNE 23, 190B.

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' UNITED STATES PATENT oEEIcE.

JOSEF H. HALLBERG, OF NEW YORK, N. Y., ASSIGNOR T0 THE BECK FLAMING LAMPCOMPANY, 0F CANTON, NEW YORK, A CORPORATION OF NEW YORK.

ELECTRIC-lamo LAMP.

Specification of iLetters Patent. Patented June 13 1911.

Application filed June 23, E1908. lSerial No. 439,897.

To all whom it may concern.'

Be it known that I, JOSEF H. HALLBERG, a citizen of the United States,and resident of ,New York, in the county and State of New York, haveinvented cert-ain new and useful Improvements in Electric Arc Lamps, ofwhich the following is a speciication.

My invention relates to electric arc lamps and its novelty consistsinthe construction and adaptation of the parts as will be more fullyhereinafter pointed out.

In an application for Letters Patent of the United States filed by meonthe 13th day of lJune, 1908, Serial No. 438277, I have described ainovel form of lamp, comprising two electrodes, one supported from theother, and means adapted normally to bring their points into contactwhen the, lamp is not energized, including an obliquely placed holderfor the supported electrode and means whereby the electrodes areautomatically brought to a vertical parallel position and their pointsseparated a proper distance when the lamp is energized. In anotherapplication for Letters Patent of the United States filed by meon the22d day of June, 1908, Serial No. 439,666f-,. I have described :meansfor automatically extinguishing a lamp of the kindreferred to atpredeterminedv or proper times. I

This present application relates to the means employed automatically tocut out such an extinguished lamp from a series of which it is a member,for instance, in street lighting.

`In the drawings, Figure 1 is a side elevation of the lower portion ofan electric arc lamp embodying my invention; Fig. 2 is a detailofthe'upper part of the cut out arm showing it supplied with a flexibleupper contact piece; Fi 3 is a side elevation of the upper' part o thecut out arm and its Contact pieces; Fig. 4 is a side elevation andpartial vertical section of the parts shown in' Fig. 1 showing theelectrode extinguished cut of the series; Fig. 5 is a diagrammatic Viewshowing the wiring of the lamps in series and the relative position oftheir parts; Fig. 6 is a side elevation of the parts shown in Figs. 1and 4, and Fig. 7 is va top plan view of the device below the upperplate.

In the drawings, 1 is the upper plate of the lamp and 2 is its base andthese are connected together by vertically arranged rods or tubes 3secured in position in any desired manner. Depending from the upperplate 1 vis bracket 4 on which are mounted two 'ble metal from whichdepends a closed globe (which is not shown in any ofthe views).

The upper plate of the lamp is provided with means whereby it may besuitably suspended and with further'mean's for conducting a current intoand out from the lamps, including upwardly projecting posts 14 to whichare attached the conductors 140 and 141. The solenoids are connectedwith c er- -tain of the posts 14 by conductors I1411.- Electricalconnection between ,others of the parts of the lamp willhereinafter'appear. The transverse plate 6 is provided with a llaterallyextendingbracket 62 having a lon-y gitudinalslotin which there isadapted to be oscillatedf'a rod 64 pivoted at its lower end to a plate20 arranged across Athe upper part of the base 2, so that the rod 64 can-swing on its pivot when it is actuated bya .lazy tongs 9 which isoperatedv through the solenoids 5 when the current is turned on thelamp.

The electrode holder v7 comprises@ rod 70 to one end of which is secureda 'conductor 140a which leads thence to a conducting rod 140b of one ofthe posts 14. Below this is a slitted tube 71 adapted to receive thesupported electrode 30. The holder is also provided with a flange 72suitably aper' tured so as looselyto embrace the rod 64. Two smallwheels 74 arefadapted to roll along the surface of the brackets 62 torelduce the frictionof such lateral movement.

It is obvious that by this construction when the rod 64 is moved on itshinge through the lazy tongs 9 the electrode holder 7 will steatite.

vmove with it and will move the electrode 30 froman oblique to avertical position or Vice versa.

The electrode holder 8 comprises an upper cross piece 8O by which it issecured to the plate 6 and a dependent slitted sleeve 81 adapted toreceive the electrode 31. As the plate 6 moves vertically between thetubes 3`, it is obvious that the electrode 31 must move vertically withit.

The base 2 is provided with a/transverse plate 20 of insulatingmaterial, for instance, Itis provided with an upwardly extending bracket21 to which is hinged the swinging rod 64 and with two apertures adaptedto nreceive the electrodes 30 and 31 and permit them to pass through.rIhe electrode 31 is provided with a rear rib and the aperture 22,through which it passes, is made of a proper shape in cross section toserve as a guide for this rib. The electrode 30 is preferably maderound, `but the aperture 23 through which it passes 1s made Haring inorder to allow this electrode to be moved to a slanting position. Thebase 2 has a third Haring aperture 24 adapted to receive a verticallyarranged sleeve 25 supported by a ring or collar 26 which in turn issecured to the plate 20 by any suitable means. The sleeve 25 extendspractically to the bottom of the base 2 and its inside edge is providedwith a bevel 28. Inside of the sleeve 25 is a vertical rod 250 of lesserdiameter than the interior of the sleeve. This rod is provided near itsbottom with a conical member 251 which seals the mouth of the sleeve,and beneath this member there is a conical shoe 252, which serves as asupport for the rib of the electrode 31. The rod 250 is provided with anannular groove 253 adapted to be engaged by the po-int of a thumb screw254 provided for that pur- -pose and moving in a threaded aperture inthe sleeve 25. By means of this arrangement the shoe 252 can always beadjusted and the annular space around the rod 250 can be shut off toexclude the air from below. .The conical member 251 fixes the positionof the shoe 252 when the former is tightly held against the beveledsurface 28.

As thus far described the construction is identical in all substantialparticulars with that disclosed in my application No. 438,277,hereinbefore referred to, which I have selected to illustrate thepresent invention for the reason that I prefer to apply my presentimprovements to a lamp of said construction, though it will be apparentthat my present 'invention may be embodied in lamps of other detailconstructions without departing from the spirit of the invention or thescope of the subjoined claims.

The sleeve 25 is provided with externally projecting pins 255 adapted'lo engage in bearings 256 formed in the collar 26, so that accese itcan swing thereon as on a pivot. A limiting set screw 257 with an innertip of insulating material and adapted to move in a threaded aperture inthe base 2 serves to lix the extent of the swing or oscillation of thesleeve 25. Secured to the upper part of the sleeve 25 is an upwardlyextending cut out arm 40, provided with a post 41 to which is secured aconductor 140C of the main or working circuit. By this conductor thecurrent is led to the cut out arm and Hows thence through the sleeve orsupport and into and through the shoe or support 252, when the lamp isworking properly. The cut out arm is also provided at its upper eX-tremity with a contact piece, 42 on its outer side, and an armature 43on its inner side, both of which are in a normally open shunt circuit.

Extending outwardly from one of the rods 3 is a bracket 44 adapted tosupport a magnet coil 45 connected to a conductor 45 of the shuntcircuit. This conductor 45 leads to the conducting rod 140". The core 46of the coil is bent inwardly to pass by the cut o-ut arm 40 and tocontact with the armature 43. A contact piece 47 is connected with thecoil by a conductor 45b and is adapted to contact with the outer contactpiece 42 of the cut/out arm.

It will of course be understood that the wiring on the interior of thelamp will be of a nature suitable for the proper working of the lamp andin practice is preferably substantially identical with that illustratedin my application No. 438,277 except as to such changes as arenecessitated by the ends to be subserved by the present invention. Ihave not considered it to be necessary to illustrate herein all thedetails of such wiring for the reason that the same is not an essentialpart of my present invention.

The rib of the electrode 31 normally rests upon the shoe 252 and in turnthis electrode, through the member 6, supports the other electrode 30.The weight of these parts resting upon the shoe 252 tilts the sleeve 25and swings it upon its pivots 255. This in turn tips the cut out arm 40away from the coil 45, and so long as the lamp is burning the parts arein these positions as shown in Fig. 1. But suppose the cross piece 6sticks and no longer slides freely between the tubes 3, or the lampburns out. Then in time the electrode 31 burns away from the shoe 252and its weight no longer rests yupon the latter. The weight of the arm4() is adjusted to meet this contingency and when it does happen, as theweight upon the shoe 252 gradually decreases, the sleeve 25 is graduallytilted and the arm 40 approaches the coil 45. A point is finally reachedwhen the piece 42 touches the piece 47 and'cont-acts therewith and whenthis occurs the armature 43 is attracted toward the core 46 and thecircuit is completed without passing through the electrodes 30 and 31,but without otherwise being interrupted. And if the lamp is one of aseries, as illustrated in the diagram shown in Fig. 5, the other lampsof the series continue to burn Without being affected vby the lamp socut out. In this diagram the several lamps are designated a, b, c and d.The lamps a and d are shown as burning normally and properly suppliedwith current from the conductors. The lamp b is shown cut out, becausethe plate 6 has for some reason ceased4 to descend and the lamp c isshown cut out because its electrodes have burned out. In each lamp thereis indicated at 1^ a resistance or reactance, which is normally out of Ycircuit while the lamp is burning, but is automatically thrown incircuit, to take the place of the resistance afforded by the arc, whenthe lamp is cut out. This is necessary when the lamps operate inmultiple series on a constant potential circuit. It is obvious that itmay be dispensed with on constant current series circuits which areusually controlled by automatic transformers, regulators, or specialgenerators at the power house, or substation.

By means of the thumb screw 257 the amount of oscillation of the sleeve25 can be varied and controlled.

It lhas been found desirable to make the outer contact piece 42 on theupper part of .the cut out arm 40 flexible an'd this construction isshown in Fig. 2 where this contactpiece is shown secured to the arm 40by means of screws 420 and the upper part of the arm is recessed at 421to permit `of a slight movement or iexibility of the piece 42 above thelower edge of such recess. At its upper extremity the piece 42 is puresilver eration. y

While I have described the operation of the invention with more es ecialreference to the sticking or non-feeding of the electo facilitate thecontacting optrode 31, it will be observed that ends herein ing theclosure ofthe shunt circuit. In

application` No. 439,666 hereinbefore referred to, I have set forthmeans whereby the downward. movement of the electrode 30 may be stoppedat al predetermined vari-4 able point, vand it is apparent that thepresent invention may be applied to a lampv which embodiesy suchfeatures.

PEO" vided with a surface indicated Aat 422 ofI What I claim as new isl. In an electric arc lamp, an electrode end of the support, a maincircuit which includes the support, a shunt circuit, and electricalmeans included in the shunt circuit and coperat-ing with thecontact-member for holding. the support whenthe weight upon the shoefalls below a predetermined amount.

2. In an electric arc lamp, two movable electrodes one of which issupported upon the other, an electrode support pivoted substantiallyparallel'to Ythe electrodes to swing in a vertical plane, a shoe at oneend of the support normally contacting with one electrode and moved inone direction by the weight thereof, a main circuit which includes theshoe, a contact-member at the` opposite end of the support, and a shuntcircuit adapted to be closed through this contact-member when the weightof the electrode upon the shoe lfalls below aI predetermined amount.

3. In an electric arc lamp, two electrodes, one supported by the' other,an electrode support pivoted substantially parallel to the electrodes toswing in a vertical plane, a VKshoe at one end, thereof normallycontacting with the arcingend of one electrode, a main circuit whichincludes the shoe, a contact-member at the opposite end of the support,and a shunt circuit adapted to be closed through the contact-member, theelectrode support being positioned .to close the shunt circuit when theweight imposed upon the electrode -support falls below a predeterminedamount. 4. In an electric arc lamp, two downwardly movable electrodes,electrical means for moving them into operative position, means forsupporting one electrode on the other, an electrode support pivoted toswing in a vertical plane substantially parallel. to the electrodescontacting with the .arcing end of one electrode, said support beingadapted to be swung in one direction by Vthe weight of the electrodes, amain circuit which includes the support, an arm secured to the supportand having a removable contact-member thereon, and a shunt circuitadapted to be closed through the contactmember when the weight imposedupon the electrode support falls below a predetermined amount. Y.

5. In an electric arc lamp, two electrodes, one of which is supported bythe other, an electrode support pivoted substantially parallel to theelectrodes to swing in a vertical plane, a shoe extending atsubstantially right angles from said support and normally contactingwith the arcing end of one electrode, a main circuit which includes thesupport, a Contact arm secured to said support, and a shunt circuitadapted to be closed through the contact arm when the weight imposedupon the electrode support falls below a predetermined amount.

6. In a lighting system, a series of arc lamps each having a pair ofelectrodes and an electrode support pivoted to swing in a vertical planesubstantially parallel to the electrode, a shoe at one end of thesupport Vnormally contacting with the arcing end of one electrode, amain circuit for the sev'- eral lamps including the electrode support ofeach lamp, a cont-act member extending from the electrode support ofeach lamp, and a shunt circuit for each lamp adapted to be closedthrough the contact member when the weight imposed upon the supportfalls below a predetermined amount.

7. In a lighting syst/em, a series of are lamps each having a pair ofelectrodes and an electrode support pivoted to swing in a vertical planesubstantially parallel to the electrodes, a shoe extending at rightangles from the support and normally contacting with the arcing end ofone elect-rode, a main circuit for the several lamps, including theelectrode support of each lamp, a Contact member extending from theelectrode support of each lamp, and a shunt circuit for each lampadapted to be closed through the contact member when the weight imposedupon the support falls below a predeter` come@ mined amount, andelectrical means coperating with the contact member for holding theshunt circuit closed.

8. In an electric are lamp, an electrode support provided with a rod,means for conducting currentthereto, comprising a sleeve which'inclosesand carries said rod, means upon which the sleeve is pivotally mounted,and a cut out arm connected to the sleeve and partaking of the movementthereof.

9. In an electric arc lamp, an electrode support provided with a rod, asleeve which incloses and carries the rod and is in electrical contactwith thesupport,l means upon which the sleeve is ivotally mounted, amain circuit which inudes said sleeve, and a shunt circuit whichincludes a cut out arm connected to the sleeve.

10. In an electric arc lamp, an electrode support provided with a rod, asleeve which incloses and carries the rod and is in electrical contactwith the support, means upon which the sleeve is pivotally mounted, amain circuit which includes a cut out arm connected tothe sleeve andtending to turn the same in one direction, and an elec` trode whichengages the support and tends to turn the same in the other direction.

Witness my hand this 19th day of June 1908, at New York, N. Y.v

JSEF H, HALLBERG.

Witnesses:

WILLIAM R. BAIRD, ALAN C. MCDONNELL.

